![alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits](http://grogheads.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Alea-Jacta-Est-DLC-Spartacus-Review-Spa4.jpg)
For that duty the Romans elected a Rex sacrorum or "king of holy things." Until the end of the Republic, the accusation that a powerful man wanted to make himself king remained a career-shaking charge (Julius Caesar's assassins claimed that they were preserving Rome from the re-establishment of a monarchy). The early consuls took over the roles of the king with the exception of his high priesthood in the worship of Jupiter Optimus Maximus at the sacred temple on the Capitoline Hill. Lucretia's husband Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus and Lucius Junius Brutus were elected as the first two consuls, the chief officers of the new Republic ( Marcus Junius Brutus who later assassinated Gaius Julius Caesar claimed descent from this first Brutus). They were compelled to avenge her, and led an uprising that expelled the royal house, the Tarquins, out of Rome into refuge in Etruria. Lucretia compelled her family to take action by gathering her kinsmen, telling them what happened, and then killing herself. Livy´s version of the establishment of the Republic states that the last of the Kings of Rome, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus ("Tarquin the proud") had a thoroughly unpleasant son, Sextus Tarquinius, who raped a Roman noblewoman named Lucretia. The establishment of the Republic - 509 BC Each time Rome conquered new lands, the area would be sectioned off into one or several provinces, with each under the command of an governor chosen by the Senate. Rome used its legions to expand its borders from beyond the banks of the Tiber to dominate most of Europe and of the Mediterranean. The Roman legion formed the backbone of Roman military power. On a regular, but not annual basis two censors were elected: every five years for a term of 18 months. In times of military emergency a single dictator was elected for a term of 6 months to have sole command of the roman state. The dictators were an exception to annuality and collegiality, and the censors to annuality.
![alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/0o96rCiiuOU/mqdefault.jpg)
Most other offices were held by more than two men in the late Republic there were 8 praetors a year and 20 quaestors. If the entire Roman army took the field, it was always under the command of the two consuls, who alternated days of command. The supreme office of consul, for instance, was always held by two men together, each of whom exercised a power of mutual veto over any actions by the other consul. The Romans observed two principles for their officials: annuality or the observation of a one-year term and collegiality or the holding of the same office by at least two men at the same time. The great majority of the senators were former republican officials. The Senate had major influence and prestige being composed by aristocratic and rich patricians and plebians. Inside the Senate there were two unofficial parties the optimates and the populares. The first and most important institution of the Roman Republic was the Roman Senate.
![alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/bky6_cjhdVU/maxresdefault.jpg)
Mandatory officials - offices, titles, honorifics: Government institutions Topics in Roman government It marked the northernmost border of the territory in which the Latin language was spoken and the southern edge of Etruria, the territory in which the Etruscan language and people held sway. The city of Rome stands on the banks of the river Tiber, very near the west coast of Italy. The Roman Republic ( Latin: Res Publica Romanorum) was the republican government of the city of Rome and its territories from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, which sometimes placed at 44 BC the year of Caesar's appointment as perpetual dictator or, more commonly, 27 BC the year that the Roman Senate granted Octavian the title "Augustus". See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). Mark Antony, Lucius Scribonius Libo, Aemilius Lepidus Paullus ( 34 BC- 33 BC) Lucius Junius Brutus, Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus ( 509 BC- 508 BC)
![alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits alea jacta est: spartacus 73bc credits](https://cdn.cloudflare.steamstatic.com/steam/apps/313660/ss_079bae42e199d6a8f5a919e0e149949ad9be9e18.1920x1080.jpg)
Jump to: navigation, search res publica RomanaĬonsul, in times of military emergency Dictator